-suffix

the effect of the suffix
meaning of the suffix
examples of words using this suffix
comments regarding this suffix

-able

forms an adjective from a noun
showing the qualities of, able to be
reasonable, suitable, comfortable, valuable, acceptable, remarkable, reliable, desirable, comparable, payable, notable, favourable, applicable, profitable, variable, respectable, miserable, fashionable

-ade

forms a noun
decade, blockade, lemonade

-age

forms a noun
marriage, package, passage, percentage, storage, carriage, coverage, shortage, usage, voltage, heritage, drainage, patronage, pilgrimage, wreckage, postage, mileage, plumage, linkage, haulage, leverage, coinage, leakage, wastage, breakage

-al

forms an adjective from a noun
national, political, central, personal, financial, natural, industrial, original, professional, traditional, physical, medical, essential, environmental, commercial, regional, official, technical, cultural, formal, substantial, educational, critical, historical, typical, agricultural, conventional, global, emotional, proposal, classical, constitutional, clinical, residential, musical, structural, occasional, universal, intellectual, imperial, experimental, spiritual, logical, electrical, marginal

-an (ian)

forms a noun or adjective from a noun
mainly nationality but also of an era or persuasion
Russian, European, Italian, American, Christian, African, Indian, Victorian, Roman, Asian, metropolitan, urban, Mediterranean, civilian, suburban, republican, spartan, utopian, cosmopolitan, darwinian, elizabethan, copernican, draconian, minoan, newtonian, trojan

-ana (iana)

forms a collective noun
a collection of
Victoriana, Churchilliana
Rare

-ance

forms a noun
performance, appearance, significance, assistance, maintenance, resistance, alliance, allowance, guidance, acceptance, assurance, attendance, disturbance, utterance, compliance, inheritance, ignorance, dominance

-ant (1)

forms a noun from a verb
assistant, defendant, protestant, servant, consultant, participant, assistant, applicant, accountant, inhabitant, variant

-ant (2)

forms an adjective from a verb
significant, relevant, dominant, pleasant

-arian

forms an adjective or noun
practitioner, believer in
librarian, humanitarian, authoritarian, agrarian, sectarian, utilitarian, vegetarian, egalitarian, proletarian, totalitarian, libertarian, antiquarian, parliamentarian, disciplinarian

-ary (1)

forms an adjective
necessary, military, primary, secondary, parliamentary, voluntary, monetary, revolutionary, evolutionary, disciplinary

-ary (2)

forms a noun
summary, dictionary, anniversary, subsidiary, vocabulary, commentary, primary

-ate (1)

forms a verb
concentrate, demonstrate, illustrate, generate, estimate, appreciate, dominate, separate, incorporate, locate, celebrate, negotiate, participate, allocate, communicate, evaluate, eliminate, anticipate, hesitate, integrate, translate, accommodate, initiate, stimulate, situate, educate, isolate, regulate, facilitate, decorate, contemplate, formulate, originate, compensate, circulate, activate, manipulate, dedicate, dictate, penetrate, motivate, differentiate, accumulate, terminate

-ate (2)

forms an adjective
appropriate, corporate, adequate, accurate, desperate, ultimate, delicate, legitimate, elaborate, deliberate, intermediate, fortunate, aggregate, intimate

-ate (3)

forms a noun
candidate, certificate, estimate, graduate, delegate, associate, electorate

-ation

forms a noun from a verb
information, education, situation, application, operation, population, relation, association, organisation, communication, consideration, generation, legislation, administration, investigation, regulation, conversation, explanation, examination, concentration, implication, conservation, publication, location, interpretation, combination, variation, foundation, representation, observation, creation, negotiation, expectation, inflation, corporation, formation, accommodation, preparation, obligation, recommendation, reputation, presentation, qualification, equation, demonstration, compensation, occupation, indication, implementation, evaluation, consultation, determination, imagination, limitation, participation, conservation, taxation, innovation, integration, resignation, registration, declaration, allocation, identification, invitation, calculation, federation, illustration, allegation, celebration, specification, transformation, discrimination, restoration, separation, justification, classification, duration, sensation, speculation, isolation, modification, installation, delegation, liberation, radiation, motivation, correlation, translation, frustration, exploration, reservation, circulation, alteration, destination, valuation, revelation, migration, inspiration, collaboration, decoration, donation, privatisation, appreciation, telecommunication, configuration, exploitation, aspiration, relaxation, temptation, cooperation, confrontation, congregation, documentation, complication, orientation, confirmation, accusation, quotation, adaptation, salvation, preservation, formulation, immigration, vegetation

-ative

forms an adjective
conservative, alternative, negative, relative, administrative, creative, legislative, representative, comparative, imaginative, innovative

-atively

forms an adverb
relatively, alternatively, comparatively

-ator

forms a noun
operator, indicator, administrator, commentator, predator, spectator, investigator

-cide

forms a noun
killer, killing
suicide, pesticide, homicide, genocide, insecticide, fungicide, herbicide

-cracy

forms a noun
form of government
democracy, bureaucracy, aristocracy, autocracy, meritocracy

-crat

forms a noun
supporter of type of government
democrat, aristocrat, bureaucrat, autocrat

-cy

forms a noun
condition, quality
policy, agency, efficiency, tendency, frequency, constituency, pregnancy, redundancy, accuracy, legacy, presidency, conspiracy, bankruptcy, privacy, deficiency

-dom

forms a noun
condition, state
freedom, kingdom, wisdom, boredom, Christendom, stardom, martyrdom, officialdom, earldom

-ed (-d)

forms the past tense and past participle of a verb
looked, used, worked, needed, seemed, asked, showed, tried, called, provided, turned, followed, liked, helped, started, moved, played, paid, heard, included, believed, allowed, lived

-ed (-d)

forms an adjective
concerned, interested, united, limited, detailed, increased, married, prepared, surprised, pleased, tired, proposed, worried, armed, fixed, advanced, disabled, satisfied, related, complicated, unemployed, entitled, delighted, convinced, sophisticated, expected, improved, marked, experienced, unexpected, disappointed, frightened, established, closed, mixed, required, confused, associated, coloured, skilled

-ee

forms a noun from a verb
person connected with or affected by the verb
employee, refugee, trustee, referee, trainee, mortgagee, nominee, lessee, addressee, assignee, absentee, interviewee, licensee, transferee, devotee, divorcee, franchisee, payee, evacuee

-eer

forms a noun from a noun
person who works with
engineer, volunteer, auctioneer, mountaineer, pamphleteer, puppeteer

-en (1)

forms a verb from an adjective
cause to be
tighten, widen, weaken, straighten, soften, broaden, lessen, loosen, shorten, harden, sharpen, lighten, deepen, worsen, brighten, flatten, fasten, stiffen, ripen, quicken, thicken, darken, fatten, sweeten, slacken, toughen, freshen, blacken, smarten, liken, moisten, deaden, cheapen, redden, deafen, gladden, sadden, steepen, tauten, whiten

-en (2)

forms the past participle of some verbs
taken, given, written, fallen, spoken, broken, chosen, driven, risen, proven, eaten, forgotten, arisen, shaken, beaten, stricken, hidden, undertaken, ridden, stolen, woken, sunken, bitten, forgiven, frozen, bidden, stridden, mistaken, woven, swollen, striven, awoken, befallen, begotten, betaken, cloven, forbidden, forsaken, graven, laden, molten, misgiven, outridden, overridden, overtaken, partaken, rewritten, riven, shaven, shrunken, shriven, smittten, thriven, trodden

-en (3)

forms an adjective from a noun
made of
golden, wooden

-ence

forms a noun from a verb
difference, conference, reference, confidence, existence, preference, residence, correspondence, interference, occurrence, dependence

-ent (1)

forms a noun from a verb
student, president, resident, correspondent, constituent, respondent, precedent

-ent (2)

forms an adjective from a verb
excellent, sufficient, apparent, recurrent, prevalent

-er (1)

forms a noun from a verb
person who performs the action of the verb
teacher, manager, worker, leader, player, user, speaker, reader, owner, driver, writer, employer, farmer, consumer, winner, manufacturer, supporter, buyer, holder, producer, researcher, dealer, adviser, supplier, observer, publisher, lover, designer, printer, traveller, commander, purchaser, maker, seller, commissioner, voter, server, miner, singer, painter, receiver, developer, reporter, carrier, builder, offender, defender, killer, trainer, trader, photographer, rider, striker, fighter, carer, organiser, keeper, drawer, founder, ruler, runner, composer, banker, lecturer, dancer, viewer, gardener, sufferer, learner, promoter, marker, follower, controller, recorder, planner, cleaner, provider, murderer, listener, bomber, performer, bowler

-er (2)

forms the comparison of an adjective
higher, greater, lower, older, later, larger, smaller, younger, wider, longer, bigger, stronger, cheaper, closer, shorter, harder, broader, deeper, faster, simpler, safer, poorer, clearer, weaker
adjective of more than two syllables form their comparatives with 'more': 'more important', 'more general'

-er (3)

forms a noun from a noun
practiser of
lawyer, philosopher, butcher, astronomer

-ery (1)

forms a noun
the art, practice of
robbery, cookery, mastery, bribery, forgery, adultery, confectionery, archery, joinery, butchery, treachery, sorcery, tomfoolery, buffoonery

-ery (2)

forms a noun
place
gallery, surgery, nursery, brewery, bakery, refinery

-ese

forms an adjective from a proper noun
of a place or country (especially person or language)
Japanese, Chinese

-esque

forms an adjective from a noun
in the manner, style of
picturesque, romanesque, grotesque, statuesque

-ess

forms a noun from a noun or a verb
female
princess, actress, mistress, duchess, goddess, hostess, waitress, heiress, governess, marquess, manageress, baroness, mayoress, priestess, lioness, stewardess, tigress, sorceress, murderess

-est

forms the superlative of an adjective or adverb
superlative
latest, largest, greatest, highest, biggest, nearest, earliest, lowest, finest, oldest, youngest, smallest, eldest, strongest, simplest, slightest, longest, easiest, closest, fastest, poorest, cheapest, richest, deepest, hardest, newest, dearest, shortest, widest, commonest, happiest, safest, toughest
adjective of more than two syllables form their superlatives with 'most': 'most important', 'most general', etc.

-ette

forms a noun from a noun
small, compact
cigarette, statuette, kitchenette, maisonette

-fic

forms an adjective from a verb ending in ‘fy’
specific, terrific, horrific, pacific

-fold

forms an adjective from a cardinal number
multiplied by
twofold, threefold, hundredfold

-form

forms an adjective
uniform, cruciform, spongiform, cuneiform, stratiform

-ful (1)

forms an adjective from a noun or a verb
showing the quality of, full of, evoking
successful, useful, beautiful, powerful, careful, wonderful, helpful, awful, painful, peaceful, dreadful, doubtful, colourful, cheerful, delightful, faithful, meaningful, harmful, hopeful, fearful, thoughtful, lawful, youthful, skilful, graceful, plentiful, forceful, thankful, stressful, disgraceful, wasteful, rightful

-ful (2)

forms a noun from a noun
a quantity of
handful, mouthful, spoonful, fistful, teaspoonful, armful, plateful, hatful, bucketful, roomful, skinful, sackful, tankful, houseful, cupful, earful, eyeful, forkful, lungful, pocketful, shovelful

-fy (-ify)

forms a verb from a noun or adjective
cause to be
clarify, simplify, purify, solidify, intensify, diversify, falsify, electrify, beautify, liquefy
Adjective is '-gamous': monogamous, etc.

-gamy

forms a noun
type of marriage (number of wives or husbands)
monogamy, polygamy, bigamy
Adjective is '-gamous': monogamous, etc.

-gon

forms a noun
sides of a figure
polygon, hexagon, pentagon, octagon

-gram

forms a noun
the written form of
diagram, telegram, histogram, electrocardiogram, epigram, electroencephalogram

-graph

forms a noun
the written or visual form of
photograph, telegraph, autograph, epigraph

-hood

forms a noun from a noun
status, state of being
childhood, neighbourhood, likelihood, adulthood, motherhood, brotherhood, livelihood, parenthood, priesthood, manhood, boyhood, womanhood, falsehood, statehood, widowhood, nationhood, fatherhood, sisterhood, unlikelihood

-ial

forms an adjective from a noun
characteristic of
financial, industrial, material, essential, commercial, substantial, official, residential, judicial, imperial, presidential, controversial, artificial, influential, partial, provincial, colonial, racial, beneficial, managerial, spatial, territorial, confidential, ministerial, trivial, superficial, bacterial, aerial, facial, entrepreneurial, serial, radial, sequential, differential, remedial, matrimonial, preferential

-ian (-an)

forms a noun or an adjective from a proper noun
mainly nationality but also of an era or persuasion
Russian, European, Italian, American, Christian, African, Indian, Victorian, Roman, Asian, metropolitan, urban, Mediterranean, civilian, suburban, republican, spartan, utopian, cosmopolitan, darwinian, elizabethan, copernican, draconian, minoan, newtonian, trojan

-ic

forms an adjective from a noun
democratic, scientific, academic, dramatic, electronic, strategic, linguistic, ethnic, historic, automatic, organic, romantic, diplomatic, realistic, genetic, systematic, artistic, magnetic, enthusiastic, symbolic, olympic, Islamic, optimistic, gothic, aesthetic, fantastic, atomic, psychiatric, bureaucratic, photographic, synthetic, characteristic, problematic, diagnostic, demographic, poetic, energetic, volcanic, pathetic, graphic, heroic, geometric, periodic, patriotic, athletic, stylistic, aristocratic, rhythmic, alcoholic, chaotic, traumatic, climatic, cubic, metallic

forms an adverb with '-ally': democratically, scientifically, academically, dramatically ...

-ician

forms a noun from a noun
someone concerned with the NOUN
politician, musician, physician, technician, magician, electrician, mathematician, paediatrician, optician, statistician, obstetrician, tactician, beautician, dietician

-ics

forms a noun
science, field of activity or study
politics, statistics, economics, mathematics, physics, electronics, mechanics, ethics, linguistics, classics, semantics, genetics, aesthetics, cosmetics, pragmatics, logistics, aerobics, optics, stylistics, acoustics, thermodynamics, metaphysics, tectonics, gymnastics, avionics

-ide

forms a noun
a chemical compound<
dioxide, oxide, chloride, monoxide, peroxide, sulphide, polypeptide, nucleotide, hydroxide, cyanide

-idle

showing the qualities of, able to be
accessible, flexible, credible, permissible, discernible, convertible, admissible, reversible, comprehensible, perceptible, forcible, defensible, submersible, divisible, reproducible, reducible, digestible, combustible, expressible, collapsible, transmissable, suggestible

-ie (-y)

forms a noun
forms a familiar, joky or childish form of some nouns
auntie, aussie, birdie, sweetie, laddie, budgie, nightie, freebie, goalie, girlie, doggie, chappie, footie, hankie, baddie, goodie, thingie

-ier

forms the comparative of many adjectives
earlier, easier, happier, heavier, healthier, drier, busier, prettier, luckier, funnier, livelier, nastier, angrier, speedier, friendlier, trickier, dirtier, riskier, gloomier, lovelier, hungrier, mightier, uglier
adjective of more than two syllables form their comparatives with 'more': 'more important', 'more general'

-iest

forms the superlative of many adjectives
earliest, easiest, happiest, heaviest, busiest, funniest, prettiest, tiniest
adjective of more than two syllables form their superlatives with 'most': 'most important', 'most general'

-ing

forms the present participle or gerund of a verb
looking, making, using, taking, getting, trying, saying

-ise (-ize)

forms a verb
cause to be, change into
realise, minimise, maximise, materialise, stabilise, visualise, generalise, modernise, finalise, rationalise, symbolise

-ish (1)

forms an adjective
in the style, manner of
foolish, childish, sluggish, feverish, boyish, bullish, girlish, sheepish, hellish, devilish, amateurish, nightmarish, snobbish, fiendish, slavish, ghoulish, roguish, impish, wolfish

-ish (2)

forms an adjective from the name of nation
describes nationality
English, Spanish, Polish, Turkish, Swedish, Danish

-ish (3)

forms an adjective from an adjective
approximately, near
reddish, greenish, yellowish, longish, smallish, brownish, whitish, greyish, pinkish, youngish, blackish, biggish, largish, newish

-ism (1)

forms a noun
movement, belief, political system
capitalism, socialism, racism, nationalism, communism, marxism, feminism, terrorism, fascism, liberalism, conservatism, imperialism, pluralism, individualism, symbolism, idealism, modernism, sexism, patriotism, materialism, radicalism, pragmatism, Buddhism, positivism, structuralism, altruism, colonialism, romanticism, consumerism, cubism, mysticism, humanism, evangelism, protestantism, federalism, hinduism, feudalism, corporatism, postmodernism, catholicism, fundamentalism, utilitarianism

-ism (2)

forms a noun
showing the qualities of
realism, optimism, scepticism, professionalism, vandalism, cynicism, antagonism, alcoholism, hooliganism, altruism, pessimism
Others do not fall into either category: criticism, mechanism, tourism, organism, journalism, metabolism, baptism, absenteeism, magnetism

-ist (1)

forms a noun
person occupied in a particular activity
artist, scientist, tourist, specialist, economist, chemist, therapist, novelist, guitarist, dentist, psychologist, receptionist, psychiatrist, pianist, motorist, physicist, physiotherapist, pathologist, anthropologist, cyclist, sociologist, organist, biologist, archaeologist, theorist, soloist, medallist, columnist, geologist, linguist, pharmacist, florist, violinist, bassist, botanist, finalist, gynaecologist

-ist (2)

forms a noun
follower of a movement, belief or political system
terrorist, nationalist, socialist, realist, pacifist, capitalist, anarchist, feminist, leftist, pragmatist, perfectionist

-ist (3)

forms a noun from an '-ize' verb
agent of an 'ize' verb
antagonist, monopolist

-ite (1)

forms a noun from a proper noun
follower of a particular organisation, cult or sect
Jacobite, Maronite, Hashemite, Shiite, Trotskyite, Luddite

-ite (2)

forms a noun
mineral
graphite, calcite, lignite, dolomite, bauxite, anthracite, malachite, quartzite

-itis

forms a noun
inflammation of
colitis, hepatitis, arthritis, gastritis, pancreatitis, oesophagitis, meningitis, cholangitis, bronchitis, cystitis, appendicitis, duodenitis, dermatitis, gastroenteritis

-ity

forms a noun
security, activity, opportunity, majority, responsibility, ability, possibility, reality, liability, electricity, minority, priority, personality, publicity, mortality, stability, flexibility, availability, complexity, intensity, density, sensitivity, probability, equality, disability, mobility, diversity, maturity, sexuality, validity, popularity, hostility, morality, accountability, fertility, humanity

-ive

forms an adjective from a verb
effective, active, attractive, massive, extensive, competitive, negative, administrative, alternative, comprehensive, impressive, creative, exclusive, progressive, selective, protective, defensive, decisive, innovative

-ize (ise)

forms a verb
cause to be, change into
realize, publicize, privatise

-less

forms an adjective from a noun
without, lacking
endless, useless, homeless, helpless, hopeless, meaningless, harmless, countless, restless, careless, needless, pointless, breathless, powerless, motionless, worthless, stainless, timeless, jobless, lifeless, childless, fruitless, priceless, speechless, sleepless, senseless, limitless, cordless, colourless, effortless, defenceless, classless, fearless, expressionless, nameless, tireless, penniless, faceless, landless, heartless, seamless, painless, topless, merciless, featureless, shapeless, spotless, ceaseless, tasteless, flawless
1.The addition of 'ly' forms an adverb for some of these adjectives: hopelessly, helplessly, endlessly, relentlessly, effortlessly, carelessly, breathlessly, restlessly, mercilessly, aimlessly, needlessly, shamelessly, remorselessly, wordlessly, painlessly, uselessly, soundlessly, harmlessly, ceaselessly, etc. 2. The addition of 'ness' forms a noun for some of these adjectives: homelessness, helplessness, carelessness, hopelessness, restlessness, powerlessness, lawlessness, breathlessness, etc.

-let

forms a noun from a noun
small, unimportant, diminutive
leaflet, booklet, piglet, starlet, eyelet

-like

forms an adjective from a noun
similar to; in the manner, style of
businesslike, childlike, warlike, lifelike, workmanlike, ladylike, dreamlike, godlike, statesmanlike

-ling

forms a noun
smaller, younger version of; diminutive
duckling, seedling
Other words with a diminutive or disparaging meaning are: sibling, sprinkling, sapling, gosling, weakling, yearling, fledgling, princeling, hireling, starveling (all rarely used)

-logue

forms a noun
something spoken
dialogue, prologue, monologue, travelogue, epilogue
Also catalogue - a list (presumably originally spoken)

-logy

forms a noun
a branch of study
technology, psychology, sociology, theology, biology, geology, archaeology, anthropology, ecology, mythology, biotechnology, physiology, pathology, chronology, morphology, criminology, zoology

-ly (1)

forms an adverb from an adjective
probably, actually, particularly, usually, certainly, simply, clearly, finally, quickly, generally, suddenly, obviously, exactly, immediately, highly, directly, slightly, completely, normally, relatively, apparently, merely, slowly, possibly, currently, mainly, carefully, previously, entirely, extremely, fairly, increasingly, equally, surely, frequently, totally, absolutely, necessarily, seriously, widely, properly, closely, effectively, unfortunately

-ly (2)

forms an adjective from a noun
having the qualities, characteristics of
friendly, scholarly, heavenly, leisurely, earthly, oily, homely, ghostly, worldly, woolly, sickly, disorderly, steely, princely, cowardly, beastly, manly, priestly, masterly, godly, gentlemanly, saintly, pearly, brotherly, deathly, motherly, lordly, knightly, fartherly, miserly, womanly, kingly, painterly, sisterly, neighbourly

-ly (3)

forms an adjective from a noun
occurring regularly
weekly, monthly, yearly, hourly, quarterly, nightly

-man (1)

forms a noun
inhabitant of
Englishman, German, Frenchman

-man (2)

forms a noun
someone who performs a particular activity
chairman, spokesman, policeman, businessman, salesman, batsman, fisherman, statesman, barman, gunman, postman, clergyman, craftsman, fireman, sportsman, cameraman, seaman, milkman, workman, horseman, draftsman, watchman, tradesman, linesman, airman, countryman, boatman

-mania

forms a noun
abnormal enthusiasm or behaviour
megalomania, kleptomania

-ment

forms a noun from a verb
action of the VERB
development, management, movement, agreement, treatment, investment, employment, statement, equipment, argument, assessment, commitment, payment, settlement, appointment, improvement, involvement, establishment, retirement, requirement, judgment, arrangement, replacement, excitement, announcement, punishment, entertainment, amendment, measurement, recruitment, disappointment, encouragement, imprisonment, adjustment, enforcement, embarrassment, engagement, advertisement, assignment, enjoyment, resentment, amusement, attainment, placement
1. The addition of 'al' forms an adjective from some of these nouns: experimental, developmental, governmental, judgmental, etc. 2. The addition of 'ally' forms an adverb:experimentally, developmentally, incrementally, etc.

-meter

forms a noun
instrument for measuring
barometer, thermometer, spectrometer, voltmeter, speedometer, altimeter

-metre

forms a noun
a part or multiple of a metre
kilometre, centimetre, millimetre

-monger

forms a noun
someone who deals in, or promotes
fishmonger, ironmonger, cheesemonger, warmonger, scandalmonger

-most

forms a superlative adjective from a preposition or adjective of position
uppermost, innermost, topmost, southernmost, outermost, northernmost, easternmost, westernmost, distalmost, dorsalmost, rearmost
Also: foremost, utmost, uttermost

-ness

forms a noun from an adjective
the quality or character of
awareness, illness, darkness, consciousness, effectiveness, weakness, happiness, fitness, goodness, sickness, willingness, madness, thickness, fairness, kindness, bitterness, readiness, loneliness, competitiveness, seriousness, usefulness, openness, richness, brightness, reasonableness, tenderness, blackness, closeness

-ocracy

forms a noun
system of government
democracy, autocracy, theocracy, technocracy

-ocrat

forms a noun
supporter of an 'ocracy'
democrat

-old

forms an adjective or noun
in the shape, form of
asteroid, tabloid, humanoid, cuboid, spheroid, conchoid, toroid, ellipsoid, ovoid, fungoid

-or

forms a noun from a verb
eone or something that carries out the action of the verb
director, editor, governor, visitor, inspector, actor, operator, processor, vendor, collector, investor, indicator, creditor, supervisor, reactor, surveyor, contractor, administrator, competitor, instructor, auditor, distributor, detector, creator, spectator, radiator, sailor, generator, prosecutor
Also: author, solicitor, chancellor, mayor, professor, emperor, successor, ambassador, tutor, debtor, counsellor, donor, predator, warrior, receptor, tractor, curator, rotor, sponsor

-ory (1)

forms an adjective
statutory, satisfactory, compulsory, advisory, regulatory, mandatory, contradictory, inflammatory, sensory, explanatory, introductory, respiratory, supervisory, preparatory, contributory, obligatory, predatory, exploratory, discriminatory, inhibitory, auditory, illusory

-ory (2)

forms a noun
place where a particular activity is carried out
factory, laboratory, lavatory, conservatory, repository, observatory, dormitory, refectory, depository

-osis

forms a noun
diagnosis, tuberculosis, fibrosis, prognosis, hypnosis, psychosis, sclerosis, cirrhosis, neurosis, thrombosis, necrosis, metamorphosis, stenosis, osteoporosis, symbiosis

-ous

forms an adjective
having the qualities of the NOUN
famous, dangerous, marvellous, mysterious, furious, disastrous, autonomous, vigorous, hazardous, rigorous, spacious, glamorous, luxurious, adventurous
The addition of 'ly' forms the adverb of some of these adjectives: dangerously, mysteriously, etc. 2. The addition of 'ness' forms a noun for a few of these adjectives: righteousness, spaciousness, etc.

-phobia

forms a noun
(excessive) fear of
xenophobia, homophobia, claustrophobia, agoraphobia, photophobia

-phone

forms a noun
instrument for producing or recording sound
telephone, microphone, gramophone, saxophone, answerphone, headphone, megaphone, xylophone, cellphone, dictaphone, earphone

-s (1)

forms the plural of a noun
days, times, eyes, others, problems, services, months, words, areas, etc.

-s (2)

forms the third person singular of the present tense of a verb
seems, makes, comes, goes, means, takes, gives, etc.

-scape

forms a noun from a noun
stretch of scenery
landscape, townscape, seascape

-scope

forms a noun
instrument for observing or showing
microscope, telescope, kaleidoscope, stethoscope, endoscope

-ship

forms a noun from a noun
status, condition, skill
relationship, membership, championship, leadership, partnership, ownership, friendship, sponsorship, scholarship

-some

forms an adjective from a noun
likely to produce the NOUN
troublesome, awesome, fearsome, quarrelsome

-sphere

forms a noun
of a sphere, ball, the earth
atmosphere, hemisphere, lithosphere, stratosphere, biosphere, magnetosphere, asthenosphere, troposphere, ionosphere

-ster

forms a noun from a noun
someone connected with the NOUN
gangster, trickster, mobster, fraudster, pollster, tipster, prankster

-ster

forms a noun from an adjective
someone with the qualities of the ADJECTIVE<
youngster

-tion (-ation, -sion, -ition)

forms a noun from a verb
education, action, situation, production, population, association, application, operation, election, competition, direction, organisation, protection, collection, legislation, introduction, administration, organization, construction, distribution, communication, selection, recognition

-tude

forms a noun
condition
attitude, magnitude, gratitude, altitude, multitude, amplitude, solitude, latitude, longitude, fortitude, ineptitude, rectitude, servitude

-ule

forms a noun from a noun
small version of
capsule, granule, nodule, globule, graticule

-ure

forms a noun from a verb
process of, condition of, product of
pleasure, exposure, departure, closure, creature, sculpture, fixture, seizure

-ward

forms an adjective or adverb
in the direction of
forward, inward, upward, downward, outward, backward, seaward, homeward, windward, landward, leftward, westward, northward, eastward, southward

-wards

forms an adverb
in the direction of
backwards, upwards, forwards, downwards, outwards, inwards, northwards, eastwards, southwards, westwards, skywards, seawards

-wise (1)

forms an adjective from a noun or an adjective
n the style, direction of
clockwise, anticlockwise, stepwise, lengthwise, crabwise

-wise (2)

forms an adjective from a noun or an adjective
in connection with
weatherwise, drinkwise, businesswise

-woman (1)

forms a noun
inhabitant of
Englishwoman, Frenchwoman

-woman (2)

forms a noun
someone who performs a particular activity
spokeswoman, policewoman, chairwoman, businesswoman, horsewoman, saleswoman, washerwoman, countrywoman, sportswoman, postwoman, airwoman, craftswoman, firewoman, yachtswoman

-worth

forms an adjective from a noun
an amount, value of
pennyworth

-worthy

forms an adjective from a noun
deserving the NOUN
noteworthy, trustworthy, newsworthy, airworthy, praiseworthy, seaworthy, blameworthy, roadworthy, creditworthy

-y (-ie)

forms a noun from a noun
forms a familiar, joky or childish form of some nouns
mummy, daddy, telly, puppy, thingy, doggy, dolly, aunty, matey, softy, missy
Other 'familiar' words include: belly, tummy, bunny, buddy, lolly, brolly, welly, cabby, jiffy, loony, crony, pinny, ninny, cissy

-y (ey)

forms an adjective from a noun
bloody, lucky, worthy, lengthy, sunny, noisy, mighty, sandy, dusty, gloomy, tricky, sexy, rocky, muddy, speedy, greedy, windy, witty, sleepy, curly, hairy, greasy, shadowy, creamy, tasty, stormy, rusty, messy, bulky, hasty, grassy, stony, skinny, patchy, bony, watery, milky, misty, thirsty, cloudy, shady, oily, smelly, airy, silvery, needy, silky, chunky, trendy, fatty, rainy, hazy, frosty, snowy, sweaty, moody, leafy, spicy, smoky, fussy, glassy, weighty

See also the prefixes page.